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Shloka 13

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 72 — Bhīmasena’s counsel on conciliation and Duryodhana’s disposition

यत्‌ त्वामुपधिना राजन दूते वज्चितवांस्तदा । न चापत्रपते तेन नृशंस: स्वेन कर्मणा,राजन! आप दानशील, कोमलस्वभाव, मन और इन्द्रियोंको वशमें रखनेवाले, स्वभावत:ः धर्मपरायण तथा सबके हैं, तो भी क्रूर दुर्योधनने उस समय पितामह भीष्म, द्रोणाचार्य, बुद्धिमान्‌ विदुर, साधु, ब्राह्मण, राजा धृतराष्ट्र, नगरनिवासी जनसमुदाय तथा कुरुकुलके सभी श्रेष्ठ पुरुषोंके देखते-देखते आपको जूएमें छलसे ठग लिया और अपने उस कुकृत्यके लिये वह अबतक लज्जाका अनुभव नहीं करता है

yat tvām upadhinā rājan dūte vañcitavāṁs tadā | na cāpatrapate tena nṛśaṁsaḥ svena karmaṇā ||

“大王啊,当初他在掷骰之事上以计谋欺骗你,那无情之人对自己的所作所为毫无羞惭。你虽慷慨施与,性情温和,能制御心意与诸根,天性归依正法、为众生谋利;然而残忍的难敌却在祖父毗湿摩、德罗那、智者毗度罗、诸贤与婆罗门、持国王、城中百姓以及俱卢族诸杰的眼前,于赌局中对你行诈——直到如今,他仍不为那罪行而面红羞愧。”

यत्that (which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formaccusative, singular
उपधिनाby a trick / by deceit
उपधिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपधि
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
दूतेin the matter of the messenger / during the embassy
दूते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदूत
Formmasculine, locative, singular
वञ्चितवान्having deceived
वञ्चितवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवञ्च्
Formक्तवतु (past active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपत्रपतेis ashamed
अपत्रपते:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्रप्
Formlat, ātmanepada, third, singular, present
तेनby that / because of that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
नृशंसःcruel (man)
नृशंसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंस
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
स्वेनby his own
स्वेन:
Karana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
Formneuter/masculine, instrumental, singular
कर्मणाdeed / act
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīṣma
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
V
Vidura
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kuru lineage (Kuru-kula)
C
citizens (nagara-nivāsinaḥ)
B
brāhmaṇas
D
dice-game (dyūta)

Educational Q&A

The verse condemns adharma as deliberate deceit performed publicly without remorse. It highlights that ethical failure is not only the wrongful act (cheating) but also the absence of shame and accountability afterward, especially when committed before elders, teachers, and the community.

Yudhiṣṭhira recalls the infamous dice-game where Duryodhana (through deceitful means) cheated him in full view of Kuru elders and the assembled court. He stresses that despite Yudhiṣṭhira’s dharmic character, Duryodhana’s cruelty and shamelessness persist, intensifying the moral and political crisis that leads toward war.