Shloka 20

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Brahmacarya and the Formless Brahman

Udyoga Parva 44

Devanagari script

तूष्णीमेक उपासीत चेष्टेत मनसापि न | तथा संस्तुतिनिन्दाभ्यां प्रीतिरोषौ विवर्जयेत्‌

Transliteration

tūṣṇīm eka upāsīta ceṣṭeta manasāpi na | tathā saṁstuti-nindābhyāṁ prīti-roṣau vivarjayet ||

Translation

是故，当独处而默然观修，离诸外在作为，乃至于心亦不令起一丝扰动。同样，应舍离二者：因赞誉而生的贪著，与因责难而起的嗔怒。

Word by Word

• तूष्णीम्: silently
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूष्णीम्
• Form: Avyaya (invariable adverb)

• एकः: alone
• एकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• उपासीत: should sit/attend (in meditation)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आस्
• Form: Optative (vidhiliṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• चेष्टेत: should act/make effort
• Type: Verb
• Root: चेष्ट्
• Form: Optative (vidhiliṅ), ātmanepada, 3rd person, singular

• मनसा: with the mind
• मनसा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस्
• Form: Neuter, instrumental, singular

• अपि: even/also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि
• Form: Avyaya (invariable particle)

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: Avyaya (negation)

• तथा: thus/in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा
• Form: Avyaya (invariable adverb)

• संस्तुति-निन्दाभ्याम्: by praise and blame
• संस्तुति-निन्दाभ्याम्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संस्तुति-निन्दा
• Form: Feminine, instrumental, dual

• प्रीति-रोषौ: attachment/pleasure and anger
• प्रीति-रोषौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रीति-रोष
• Form: Masculine, accusative, dual

• विवर्जयेत्: should avoid/give up
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-वृज्
• Form: Optative (vidhiliṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

Speaker

सनत्युजात उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanatsujāta

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Cultivate inner stillness and solitude, restrain both bodily and mental agitation, and remain even-minded by giving up attachment to praise and anger at blame.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Sanatsujātīya section of the Udyoga Parva, the sage Sanatsujāta instructs (in a spiritual-ethical discourse) that true discipline involves quiet contemplation and freedom from emotional reactivity to social approval or criticism.