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Shloka 18

Sanatsujāta on Vedic Learning, Truth (Satya), and the Discipline of Dama–Tyāga–Apramāda

पूर्वोक्त धर्मादे बारह गुण जिसके स्वरूप हैं तथा और भी जो धर्मके अंग एवं सामर्थ्य हैं, वे भी जिसके स्वरूप हैं, वह ब्रह्मचर्य आचार्यके सम्बन्धसे प्राप्त वेदार्थके ज्ञाससे सफल होता है, ऐसा कहा जाता है ।। एवं प्रवृत्तो यदुपालभेत वै धनमाचार्याय तदनुप्रयच्छेत्‌ । सतां वृत्ति बहुगुणामेवमेति गुरो: पुत्रे भवति च वृत्तिरेषा,इस तरह ब्रह्मचर्यपालनमें प्रवृत्त हुए ब्रह्मबचारीको चाहिये कि जो कुछ भी धन (जीवननिर्वाहयोग्य वस्तुएँ) भिक्षामें प्राप्त हो, उसे आचार्यको अर्पण कर दे। ऐसा करनेसे वह शिष्य सत्पुरुषोंके अनेक गुणोंसे युक्त आचारको प्राप्त होता है। गुरुपुत्रके प्रति भी उसकी यही भावना रहनी चाहिये

pūrvokta-dharmādeḥ dvādaśa guṇā yasya svarūpāṇi tathā anye'pi ye dharmasya aṅgāni sāmarthyāni ca te'pi yasya svarūpāṇi sa brahmacaryam ācārya-sambandhena prāpta-vedārtha-jñāsena saphalaṃ bhavatīti kathyate || evaṃ pravṛtto yad upālabheta vai dhanam ācāryāya tad anuprayacchet | satāṃ vṛttiṃ bahuguṇām evam eti guroḥ putre bhavati ca vṛttir eṣā ||

萨那苏迦多阐明:梵行并非仅是身体的克制,而是一种有纪律的生活之道;其形相由先前所说的十二种法德,以及法的诸支与诸力所构成。此等梵行,唯在依止师长、并凭此师徒之缘而探求所受吠陀之义时,方能结果。因此,奉行梵行的弟子,应将乞食所得的资生之物或财物,悉数奉献于阿阇梨(ācārya)。如此行之,弟子便能获得贤善之人的精妙行仪,具足多种善德;并且也应以同样的恭敬之心对待师之子。

एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
प्रवृत्तःengaged (in practice)
प्रवृत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यत्whatever
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपालभेतmay obtain
उपालभेत:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
धनम्wealth; alms
धनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आचार्यायto the teacher
आचार्याय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुप्रयच्छेत्should hand over; should give
अनुप्रयच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-प्र-यम्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सताम्of the good (people)
सताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वृत्तिम्conduct; way of life
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
बहुगुणाम्endowed with many virtues
बहुगुणाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुगुण
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
एतिattains; reaches
एति:
TypeVerb
Root
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गुरोःof the teacher
गुरोः:
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रेtowards/with regard to the son
पुत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भवतिis; becomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वृत्तिःconduct; attitude
वृत्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एषाthis
एषा:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

सनत्सुजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
Ā
ācārya (teacher/preceptor)
G
guroḥ putra (teacher’s son)
V
Veda (vedārtha)

Educational Q&A

Brahmacarya is defined as a dharma-shaped discipline grounded in virtues and made effective through committed study of Vedic meaning under a teacher; the student should surrender whatever he gains (even alms) to the ācārya, cultivating the many-virtued conduct of the righteous and extending the same respect to the teacher’s son.

In the Sanatsujātīya dialogue within Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs (in response to Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s concerns) on the ethical foundations of spiritual and educational life, describing the proper brahmacārin’s relationship to the teacher, Vedic inquiry, and the practice of offering one’s gains to the guru.