Shloka 18

Devanagari script

सनत्युजात उवाच एवं ह्ुविद्वानुपयाति तत्र तत्रार्थजातं च वदन्ति वेदा: । अनीह आयाति परं परात्मा प्रयाति मार्गेण निहत्य मार्गान्‌,सनत्सुजातने कहा--राजन्‌! अज्ञानी पुरुष इस प्रकार भिन्न-भिन्न लोकोंमें गमन करता है तथा वेद कर्मके बहुत-से प्रयोजन भी बताते हैं; परंतु जो निष्काम पुरुष है, वह ज्ञानमार्गके द्वारा अन्य सभी मार्गोंका बाध करके परमात्मस्वरूप होता हुआ ही परमात्माको प्राप्त होता है

Transliteration

sanatsujāta uvāca | evaṁ hy avidvān upayāti tatra tatra arthajātaṁ ca vadanti vedāḥ | anīha āyāti paraṁ parātmā prayāti mārgeṇa nihatya mārgān |

Translation

善那苏迦多说道：“无知之人便如此从一种境况流转到另一种境况；《吠陀》亦宣说与业行相关的诸多目的。然而无欲之人循智慧之道，降伏一切他道，并且——安住为至上之我——证得至上者。”

Word by Word

सनत्सुजातःSanatsujata

उवाचsaid

एवम्thus

हिindeed

अविद्वान्an ignorant person

उपयातिgoes/approaches

तत्रthere

तत्रthere (here and there)

अर्थजातम्a mass/collection of purposes (ends)

चand

वदन्तिsay/declare

वेदाःthe Vedas

अनीहःdesireless; without striving

आयातिcomes/attains

परम्the supreme (state/goal)

परात्माthe Supreme Self

प्रयातिgoes forth; proceeds

मार्गेणby the path/means

निहत्यhaving destroyed/overcome

मार्गान्paths (other ways)

Speaker

सनत्युजात उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sanatsujata

Vedas

Paramatma (Supreme Self)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Ignorance leads one to wander among many ends and destinations through action and its promised results, whereas desirelessness joined to knowledge leads to the Supreme by transcending and mastering all lesser means.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanatsujāta instructs the king in a spiritual discourse, contrasting the restless movement of the ignorant—guided by ritual aims—with the steady liberation of the desireless knower who reaches the Supreme Self through jñāna.