Shloka 14
Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum
Udyoga-parva 35
Devanagari script
यतो यतो निवर्तते ततस्ततो विमुच्यते । निवर्तनाद्धि सर्वतो न वेत्ति दुःखमण्वपि
Transliteration
yato yato nivartate tatastato vimucyate | nivartanād dhi sarvato na vetti duḥkham aṇv api ||
Translation
天鹅说道：“人从何物上收回其心，便从何物上渐得解脱；而当这种回转与离著在四方皆圆满时，便连一丝一毫的苦也不再经历。”
Word by Word
यतःfrom where/whence
यतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
FormAblative adverb (source/point of withdrawal)
यतःfrom whatever (source)
यतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
FormAblative adverb (correlative)
निवर्ततेturns back/withdraws
निवर्तते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि√वृत्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, 3rd person, singular
ततःfrom that (source)/therefrom
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
FormAblative adverb (correlative)
ततःfrom that very (source)
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
FormAblative adverb (correlative)
विमुच्यतेis released/is freed
विमुच्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि√मुच्
FormPresent, Passive (Karmani), 3rd person, singular
निवर्तनात्from withdrawal/cessation
निवर्तनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनिवर्तन
FormNeuter, Ablative, singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
FormParticle (emphasis/causal)
सर्वतःfrom all sides/altogether
सर्वतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतस्
FormAblative adverb (all sides)
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
FormNegation
वेत्तिknows/experiences
वेत्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√विद्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
दुःखम्sorrow/pain
दुःखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, singular
अणुminute/very small
अणु:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअणु
FormNeuter, Accusative, singular (used adjectivally with दुःखम्)
अपिeven
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormParticle (even/also)
Speaker
हंस उवाच
Characters & Entities
ह
हंस (Haṃsa, the Swan—speaker)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Freedom from suffering grows in direct proportion to withdrawing the mind from its objects of attachment; complete detachment in all directions results in the absence of even the smallest sorrow.
In a didactic passage of Udyoga Parva, the speaker identified as the Haṃsa (Swan) delivers an instruction on inner discipline: turning the mind away from worldly objects leads step-by-step to liberation and the cessation of suffering.