Shloka 64

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)

Devanagari script

आत्मना55त्मानमन्विच्छेन्मनोबुद्धीन्द्रियैर्यतै: । आत्मा होवात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मन:,मन, बुद्धि और इन्द्रियोंको अपने अधीनकर अपनेसे ही अपने आत्माको जाननेकी इच्छा करे; क्योंकि आत्मा ही अपना बन्धु और आत्मा ही अपना शत्रु है

Transliteration

ātmanā ātmānam anvicchen manobuddhīndriyaiḥ yataiḥ | ātmā hy ātmanaḥ bandhur ātmaiva ripur ātmanaḥ ||

Translation

毗度罗劝诫：当以纪律摄持心（manas）、智（buddhi）与诸根（感官），由此求知自身之我（Atman）。因为同一个内在之我，若被调伏，便是最可靠的朋友；若放任不管，便成自己的仇敌。

Word by Word

आत्मनाby the self

आत्मानम्the self

अन्विच्छेत्should seek / should desire to find

मनःby the mind

बुद्धिby the intellect

इन्द्रियैःby the senses

यतैःrestrained / controlled

आत्माthe self

हिindeed / for

आत्मनःof oneself

बन्धुःfriend

आत्माthe self

एवalone / indeed

रिपुःenemy

आत्मनःof oneself

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vidura

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Mastery of mind, intellect, and senses is the means to self-knowledge; when disciplined, one’s own self supports one’s welfare, and when undisciplined, it undermines it.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-filled setting before the great war, Vidura delivers ethical instruction, emphasizing inner governance as the foundation for right action and sound judgment.