Shloka 35
उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय 33: धृतराष्ट्र-विदुर संवादः (विदुरनीतिः)
गौएँ गन्धसे, ब्राह्मणलोग वेदोंसे, राजा गुप्तचरोंसे और अन्य साधारण लोग आँखोंसे देखा करते हैं ।। भूयांसं लभते क्लेशं या गौर्भवति दुर्दुहा । अथ या सुदुहा राजन नैव तां वितुदन्त्यपि,राजन्! जो गाय बड़ी कठिनाईसे दुहने देती है, वह बहुत क्लेश उठाती है; किंतु जो आसानीसे दूध देती है, उसे लोग कष्ट नहीं देते
gāvo gandhasena brāhmaṇā vedaiḥ rājā guptacaraiḥ anye ca sāmānyā janā netraiḥ paśyanti || bhūyāṁsaṁ labhate kleśaṁ yā gaur bhavati durduhā | atha yā suduhā rājan naiva tāṁ vitudanty api ||
毗度罗说道：牛以其气味而为人所识，婆罗门以吠陀而为人所识，国王以其密探而为人所识，凡夫则以眼见之事而为人所识。那挤奶艰难的母牛，反使自身招致许多烦苦；而那易于出乳的母牛，便无人加以折磨。从伦理上说，毗度罗警示：强硬与抗拒往往引来胁迫与痛苦；温和与合作则多能避免无谓的暴力——此言正是告诫临近冲突边缘的君主与诸方。
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Vidura teaches that conduct shapes consequences: resistance expressed as harshness invites force and suffering, while gentleness and readiness to cooperate reduce harm. He also highlights how different beings are recognized by their defining signs—learning, intelligence systems, or direct perception—urging a ruler to understand people through appropriate means.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers counsel in a tense pre-war setting. Using everyday analogies (cow, brahmin, king, common people), he advises the addressed king on prudent governance and on avoiding actions that provoke coercion and escalation.