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Shloka 53

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 28: Dharmādharmalakṣaṇa in Āpad

Crisis-Discernment of Right and Wrong

दुर्योधन क्रोधमय विशाल वृक्षके समान है, कर्ण उस वृक्षका स्कन्ध, शकुनि शाखा और दुःशासन समृद्ध फल-पुष्प है। अज्ञानी राजा धृतराष्ट्र ही इसके मूल (जड़) हैं |। युधिष्ठिरो धर्ममयो महाद्रुम: स्कन्धो<र्जुनो भीमसेनो5स्य शाखा: । माद्रीपुत्रौ पुष्पफले समृद्धे मूलं त्वहं ब्रह्म च ब्राह्मणाश्न,युधिष्ठिर धर्ममय विशाल वृक्ष हैं। अर्जुन (उस वृक्षके) स्कन्ध, भीमसेन शाखा और माद्रीनन्दन नकुल-सहदेव इसके समृद्ध फल-पुष्प हैं। मैं, वेद और ब्राह्मण ही इस वृक्षके मूल (जड़) हैं

duryodhano krodhamayo mahādrumaḥ karṇaḥ skandhaḥ śakuniḥ śākhā duḥśāsanaḥ samṛddha-phala-puṣpaḥ | ajñāno rājā dhṛtarāṣṭra eva mūlaṃ || yudhiṣṭhiro dharmamayo mahādrumaḥ skandho 'rjuno bhīmasenasya śākhāḥ | mādrīputrau puṣphaphale samṛddhe mūlaṃ tv ahaṃ brahma ca brāhmaṇāś ca ||

风神伐由(Vāyu)说道:“都利约陀那犹如一株由嗔怒凝成的参天大树;迦尔那为其树干,沙昆尼为其枝条,而杜沙萨那则是其繁茂的花与果。愚昧的国王持国(Dhṛtarāṣṭra)正是这树的根本之根。然则,坚战(Yudhiṣṭhira)乃由正法(dharma)所成的伟大之树;阿周那为其树干,怖军(Bhīmasena)为其枝叶,摩德利之子——那俱罗与娑诃提婆——为其丰盛的花果。此树之根,是我(伐由),并与《吠陀》、梵(Brahman)及婆罗门众同在。”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्ममयःfull of dharma, righteous
धर्ममयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्ममय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाद्रुमःgreat tree
महाद्रुमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाद्रुम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्कन्धःtrunk (main stem)
स्कन्धः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्कन्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भीमसेनःBhīmasena
भीमसेनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof this (tree)
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
शाखाःbranches
शाखाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशाखा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
माद्रीपुत्रौthe two sons of Mādrī (Nakula and Sahadeva)
माद्रीपुत्रौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमाद्रीपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
पुष्पफलेflowers and fruits
पुष्पफले:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुष्पफल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Dual
समृद्धेabundant, rich
समृद्धे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमृद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Dual
मूलम्root
मूलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मthe Veda / sacred knowledge
ब्रह्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
D
Duryodhana
K
Karṇa
Ś
Śakuni
D
Duḥśāsana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
A
Arjuna
B
Bhīmasena
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
M
Mādrī
V
Veda
B
Brahman
B
Brāhmaṇas

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts two moral lineages through a tree-metaphor: one rooted in ignorance and anger (leading to destructive outcomes), and the other rooted in dharma and Vedic order (supporting righteous strength and flourishing). It implies that a ruler’s inner disposition and foundational counsel determine the ‘fruit’ borne by his house.

Vāyudeva speaks in Udyoga Parva while moral and political tensions are escalating toward war. He characterizes the Kaurava faction as a wrath-driven structure sustained by Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s blindness/ignorance, and the Pāṇḍavas as a dharma-driven structure supported by sacred authority (Veda, Brahman, Brāhmaṇas), highlighting why their causes diverge ethically.