Shloka 1

भीष्म-द्रोणादिभिः पाण्डवसेनाक्षयकाल-निर्णयः | Time-estimates for the depletion of the Pāṇḍava forces

Bhīṣma–Droṇa council

Devanagari script

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत उद्योगपर्वके अन्तर्गत अम्बोपाख्यानपर्वमें अजुनवाक्यविषयक एक सौ चौरानबेवाँ अध्याय पूरा हुआ ॥/ १९४ ॥। ऑपन-आ कराता बछ। जि पज्चनवर्त्याधेकशततमो< ध्याय: कौरव-सेनाका रणके लिये प्रस्थान वैशम्पायन उवाच ततः प्रभाते विमले धार्तराष्ट्रेण चोदिता: । दुर्योधनेन राजान: प्रययु: पाण्डवान्‌ प्रति

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | tataḥ prabhāte vimale dhārtarāṣṭreṇa coditāḥ | duryodhanena rājānaḥ prayayuḥ pāṇḍavān prati ||

Translation

毗舍波耶那说：随后，在清澈无垢的黎明时分，诸王在持国之子难敌（杜尤陀那）的驱使下，启程奔向般度族，欲与之开战。

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya

• प्रभाते: in the morning
• प्रभाते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• विमले: clear, pure
• विमले: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विमल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular (agreeing with प्रभाते)

• धार्तराष्ट्रेण: by the son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)
• धार्तराष्ट्रेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धार्तराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• चोदिताः: urged, impelled
• चोदिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चुद् (धातु) → चोदित (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दुर्योधनेन: by Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• राजानः: kings
• राजानः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रययुः: set out, departed
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु) उपसर्गः प्र- → प्रया; लिट् (परस्मैपद) 3बहु
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd person, Plural, Parasmaipada

• पाण्डवान्: the Pāṇḍavas
• पाण्डवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रति: towards, against
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
• Form: Avyaya

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Duryodhana
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• the kings (allied rulers)
• the Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even when events appear to move toward an ‘inevitable’ war, the Mahābhārata highlights human agency: a single leader’s incitement can convert private hostility into a public catastrophe, making many participants ethically accountable for choosing to follow.

What is happening in the narrative?

At daybreak, Duryodhana (identified as Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son) urges allied kings to depart and advance toward the Pāṇḍavas, signaling the transition from negotiation and tension to active military movement.