Shloka 39
भीष्म–जामदग्न्यसंवादः (Amba-prasaṅga and Kurukṣetra Dvandva Declaration) / Bhishma–Jamadagnya Dialogue
Devanagari script
अथावताप्य पृथिवीं पूषा दिवससंक्षये । जगामास्तं सहस्रांशुस्ततो युद्धमुपारमत्
Transliteration
athāvatāpya pṛthivīṃ pūṣā divasa-saṃkṣaye | jagāmāstaṃ sahasrāṃśus tato yuddham upāramat |
Translation
炙烤大地之后，普善——千光之日神——在日暮时分沉落。于是战斗便停息了，因为夜幕降临，厮杀也随之终止。
Word by Word
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अवताप्यhaving heated/scorched
अवताप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-तप्
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), parasmaipada (usage)
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
पूषाthe Sun (Pūṣan)
पूषा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपूषन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दिवस-संक्षयेat the end of the day
दिवस-संक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिवस + संक्षय
Formmasculine, locative, singular
जगामwent
जगाम:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formperfect (लिट्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
अस्तम्to setting (sunset)
अस्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
सहस्र-अंशुःthe thousand-rayed one (Sun)
सहस्र-अंशुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र + अंशु
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ततःthereupon/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
युद्धम्the battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, nominative, singular
उपारमत्ceased/stopped
उपारमत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-रम्
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
Speaker
राम उवाच
Characters & Entities
R
Rāma (speaker)P
Pūṣan (Sun)S
Sahasrāṃśu (the Sun)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores restraint and order in warfare: even intense conflict is bounded by time and propriety, and the natural rhythm of day and night functions as a dharmic limit that brings fighting to a stop.
As the Sun sets at the end of the day after heating the earth, the battle is discontinued; the setting of the Sun becomes the immediate cause for the cessation of combat.