Shloka 16
भीष्म–जामदग्न्यसंवादः (Amba-prasaṅga and Kurukṣetra Dvandva Declaration) / Bhishma–Jamadagnya Dialogue
Devanagari script
शपेयं त्वां न चेदेवमागच्छेथा विशाम्पते । युध्यस्व त्वं रणे यत्तो धैर्यमालम्ब्य कौरव
Transliteration
śapeyaṃ tvāṃ na ced evam āgacchethā viśāmpate | yudhyasva tvaṃ raṇe yatto dhairyam ālambya kaurava ||
Translation
罗摩说道：“民之君主啊，若你不以此般方式前来，我必已降咒于你。故而，库鲁之子啊，当执持坚忍之勇，于战场上竭力而战。”
Word by Word
शपेयंI would curse
शपेयं:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशप् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga, Potential/Optative, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
आगच्छेथाःyou should come / would come
आगच्छेथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + गम् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga, Potential/Optative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
विशाम्of the people/subjects
विशाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootविश् (प्रातिपदिक: विश्/विष् ‘people, subjects’)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
पतेO lord
पते:
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
युध्यस्वfight!
युध्यस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध् (धातु)
FormLot, Imperative, 2, Singular, Atmanepada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यत्तःstriving, exerting oneself
यत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयत (कृदन्त/विशेषण ‘striving’)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धैर्यम्steadfastness, courage
धैर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधैर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आलम्ब्यhaving relied on / taking support of
आलम्ब्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + लम्ब् (धातु)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), —
कौरवO Kaurava
कौरव:
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
राम उवाच
Characters & Entities
R
Rāma (speaker)K
Kaurava (addressed person; a Kuru-descendant)B
battlefield (raṇa)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
A ruler or warrior must not shrink from rightful duty: one should rely on dhairya (steadfast courage) and act with full effort in a just battle, even when admonished or pressured.
Rāma addresses a Kaurava king/warrior, stating that failure to approach him properly would have invited a curse; instead, he urges the addressee to stand firm and fight energetically in the battlefield.