Shloka 16
अम्बा-शाल्वसंवादः | Amba’s Appeal to Śālva and His Refusal
Devanagari script
ततस्ते पृथिवीपाला: समुत्पेतुरुदायुधा: । योगो योग इति क्रुद्धा: सारथीनभ्यचोदयन्
Transliteration
tataste pṛthivīpālāḥ samutpetur udāyudhāḥ | yogo yoga iti kruddhāḥ sārathīn abhyacodayan ||
Translation
于是那些国王怒不可遏，手执兵刃，纷纷跃起。口中喊着“套车！套车！”，急促催逼车夫备好战车——这外露的怒潮，正显出王者的自尊如何转瞬便化作好战的决意。
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पृथिवीपालाःkings, rulers of the earth
पृथिवीपालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवीपाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समुत्पेतुःsprang up / rushed forth
समुत्पेतुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उत्-√पत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd person, Plural
उदायुधाःwith weapons raised / bearing uplifted weapons
उदायुधाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउदायुध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
योगःyoking; harnessing (of the chariot)
योगः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योगःyoking; harnessing
योगः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
FormAvyaya
क्रुद्धाःangry
क्रुद्धाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध (√क्रुध्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सारथीन्charioteers
सारथीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभ्यचोदयन्urged on / commanded
अभ्यचोदयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√चुद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd person, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Characters & Entities
P
pṛthivīpālāḥ (kings)S
sārathī (charioteers)Ā
āyudha (weapons)R
ratha (chariot, implied by sārathī/yoga)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how anger and wounded honor can rapidly propel rulers toward violence; ethically, it warns that unchecked krodha (wrath) turns deliberation into impulsive militarization, making war feel inevitable.
Bhīṣma describes the assembled kings reacting in fury: they rise up armed and command their charioteers—repeating “yoga, yoga” (“harness!”)—to ready the chariots, indicating an immediate move toward armed action.