Shloka 21
भीष्मकृतः पाण्डवपक्ष-महारथ-प्रशंसा
Bhishma’s appraisal of Pandava-aligned chariot-warriors
Devanagari script
एषां द्वैधं समुत्पन्नं योधानां युधि भारत । तेजोवधो न: क्रियते प्रत्यक्षेण विशेषत:
Translation
婆罗多啊，这些战士在战阵之中已生两心与犹疑。你亲眼所见：我们的威光与斗志，正被格外明显地摧折、扼杀。
Word by Word
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
द्वैधम्doubt, indecision
द्वैधम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्वैध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समुत्पन्नम्arisen, produced
समुत्पन्नम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-उत्-√पद् (उत्पद्यते) → समुत्पन्न
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
योधानाम्of the warriors
योधानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootयोद्धृ / योध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तेजोवधःslaying/destruction of vigor (spirit)
तेजोवधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस् + वध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नःof us / our
नः:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural
क्रियतेis being done / is being caused
क्रियते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करोति)
FormPresent, Passive (Karmani), Third, Singular
प्रत्यक्षेणby direct perception; directly
प्रत्यक्षेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्यक्ष
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विशेषतःespecially, particularly
विशेषतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविशेषतस्
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes