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Shloka 1

भीष्मसेनापत्याभिषेकः

Bhīṣma’s Appointment as Commander-in-Chief

हि न बा आम #ा5 चतुष्पञ्चाशर्दाधिकशततमो< ध्याय: अब भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णसे अपने समयोचित कर्तव्यके | पूछना, भगवान्‌का युद्धको ही कर्तव्य बताना तथा इस विषयमें युधिष्ठिरका संताप और अर्जुनद्वारा श्रीकृष्णके वचनोंका समर्थन वैशम्पायन उवाच वासुदेवस्य तद्‌ वाक्‍्यमनुस्मृत्य युधिष्ठिर: । पुन: पप्रच्छ वार्ष्णेयं कथं मन्दो5ब्रवीदिदम्‌,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णके पूर्वोक्त कथनका स्मरण करके युधिष्ठिरने पुनः उनसे पूछा--'भगवन्‌! मन्दबुद्धि दुर्योधनने क्‍यों ऐसी बात कही?

vaiśampāyana uvāca | vāsudevasya tad vākyam anusmṛtya yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | punaḥ papraccha vārṣṇeyaṃ kathaṃ mando ’bravīd idam ||

毗湿摩波耶那说:噢,阇那美阇耶!忆起婆苏提婆先前所言,坚战(由提希提罗)又再问瓦尔什涅耶(奎师那)道:“世尊!愚钝的杜尤陀那为何说出这般话来?”

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वासुदेवस्यof Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
वासुदेवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech; statement
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुस्मृत्यhaving remembered; recalling
अनुस्मृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + स्मृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
पप्रच्छasked
पप्रच्छ:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + प्रच्छ्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वार्ष्णेयम्the Vārṣṇeya (Kṛṣṇa, descendant of Vṛṣṇi)
वार्ष्णेयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवार्ष्णेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कथम्how? why?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
मन्दःdull; foolish
मन्दः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said; spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
V
Vāsudeva (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
V
Vārṣṇeya (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

Ethically charged speech and intention matter: Yudhiṣṭhira seeks to understand the motive behind Duryodhana’s words, implying that reckless or deluded counsel can propel society toward adharma and war; discernment (viveka) is necessary before action.

After recalling Kṛṣṇa’s earlier statement, Yudhiṣṭhira resumes the dialogue and asks Kṛṣṇa to explain why Duryodhana spoke as he did—setting up an analysis of Duryodhana’s mindset and the causes that make war appear inevitable.