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Shloka 13

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 148: Vāsudeva’s Report—Mobilization and the Nīti Sequence

Sāma–Bheda–Daṇḍa

“तदनन्तर अपने अधीन रहनेवाले आज्ञापालक छोटे पुत्र पूरुको नृपश्रेष्ठ ययातिने राज्यपर बिठाया ।। एवं ज्येष्ठोडप्यथोत्सिक्तो न राज्यमभिजायते । यवीयांसो5पि जायन्ते राज्यं वृद्धोपसेवया,“इस प्रकार यह सिद्ध है कि ज्येष्ठ पुत्र भी यदि अहंकारी हो तो उसे राज्यकी प्राप्ति नहीं होती और छोटे पुत्र भी वृद्ध पुरुषोंकी सेवा करनेसे राज्य पानेके अधिकारी हो जाते हैं

tadanantaraṃ svādhīnaṃ ājñāpālakaṃ kṣudra-putraṃ pūruṃ nṛpaśreṣṭhaḥ yayātiḥ rājye 'bhiṣicya nyaveśayat | evaṃ jyeṣṭho 'pi atha utsikto na rājyam abhijāyate | yavīyānso 'pi jāyante rājyaṃ vṛddhopasevayā |

其后,雅雅提王(Yayāti)——诸王之最——立其幼子普鲁(Pūru),此子恭顺听命、受其节制,而登王位。由此可证:纵为长子,若骄矜自满,亦不得王权;而幼子若虔诚奉事长者,反能成为承受国土之人。

एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
ज्येष्ठःthe eldest (son)
ज्येष्ठः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्येष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अथthen/indeed
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
उत्सिक्तःarrogant, puffed up
उत्सिक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्सिक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राज्यम्kingdom, sovereignty
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अभिजायतेis obtained/comes to (one)
अभिजायते:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√जन्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
यवीयांसःyounger (sons/men)
यवीयांसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयवीयस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
जायन्तेare born/come to be (i.e., become entitled)
जायन्ते:
TypeVerb
Root√जन्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
राज्यम्kingdom, sovereignty
राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वृद्धby/through an elder (person)
वृद्ध:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उपसेवयाby service/attendance
उपसेवया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपसेवा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
Y
Yayāti
P
Pūru

Educational Q&A

Birth order alone does not confer entitlement. Arrogance disqualifies even the eldest from rulership, while humility, obedience, and service to elders can make a younger son worthy of sovereignty.

Vāyudeva recounts how King Yayāti placed his younger, obedient son Pūru on the throne, using this episode to illustrate a moral principle about fitness for rule and the value of serving elders.