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Shloka 5

शोक-शमन उपदेशः

Instruction on the Pacification of Grief

यदा प्राज्ञाश्न मूढाश्न धनवन्तो5थ निर्धना: । सर्वे पितृवनं प्राप्प स्वपन्ति विगतज्वरा:,जब दिद्वान्‌-मूर्ख, धनवान्‌ और निर्धन सभी श्मशान-भूमिमें जाकर निश्चिन्त सो जाते हैं, उस समय उनके मांसरहित नाड़ियोंसे बँधे हुए तथा अस्थिबहुल अंगोंको देखकर क्‍या दूसरे लोग वहाँ उनमें कोई ऐसा अन्तर देख पाते हैं, जिससे वे उनके कुल और रूपकी विशेषताको समझ सकें; फिर भी वे मनुष्य एक-दूसरेको क्‍यों चाहते हैं? इसलिये कि उनकी बुद्धि ठगी गयी है

yadā prājñāś ca mūḍhāś ca dhanavanto 'tha nirdhanāḥ | sarve pitṛvanaṁ prāpya svapanti vigatajvarāḥ ||

当智者与愚者、富者与贫者——一切皆同——来到「祖灵之林」(火葬场),在那儿躺下,脱离了躁热的奔逐之苦时,又有谁还能从他们身上辨出差别,以识别门第、容貌或世俗尊卑?然而世人仍彼此执著、结成情缚,仿佛这些差别恒常不变——因为他们的理解已被迷妄所欺。

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
प्राज्ञाःwise men
प्राज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मूढाःfools
मूढाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धनवन्तःthe wealthy
धनवन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अथand then / also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
निर्धनाःthe poor
निर्धनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्धन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पितृवनम्the ancestral grove (cemetery/cremation-ground)
पितृवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितृवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
स्वपन्तिthey sleep
स्वपन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
FormLat (Present), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
विगतज्वराःfree from fever (i.e., without anxiety)
विगतज्वराः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविगतज्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
P
pitṛvana (cremation ground)

Educational Q&A

Vidura underscores the equalizing truth of death: wisdom and folly, wealth and poverty, lineage and beauty all lose their meaning at the cremation ground. Therefore, obsessive attachment and pride in social distinctions are forms of delusion; ethical clarity arises from remembering impermanence and cultivating detachment.

In the Stree Parva’s aftermath of the war, Vidura speaks in a reflective, admonitory tone. He points to the cremation ground as the ultimate witness that worldly differences collapse, urging listeners to reconsider grief, pride, and attachment in light of mortality.