Shloka 10
Adhyāya 90 — Protection of Livelihoods, Brahmanical Subsistence Norms, and Royal Oversight (राष्ट्रवृत्ति-राष्ट्रगुप्ति-उपदेशः)
Devanagari script
संरक्ष्यान् पालयेद् राजा स राजा राजसत्तम: | ये केचित् तान् न रक्षन्ति तैर्थों नास्ति कश्चन
Translation
能护持并抚育那些应当受护之人者，方为诸王之最胜。若有君王不护应护之人，则于世间毫无所需。
Word by Word
संरक्ष्यान्those who are to be protected
संरक्ष्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसंरक्ष्य (√रक्ष् + सम्, ल्यप्/तव्यत्-समकक्ष कृदन्त; here used as gerundive/absolutive-like qualifying object)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पालयेत्should protect/maintain
पालयेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√पाल्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe/that (king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजसत्तमःbest among kings
राजसत्तमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootराजसत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
येwho (those who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
केचित्some (certain ones)
केचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्) + चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
रक्षन्तिprotect
रक्षन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√रक्ष्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेषाम्of them (of those kings)
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अर्थःpurpose/need/use
अर्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कश्चनanyone/anything at all
कश्चन:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootक (किम्) + चन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes