Shloka 12

Vyavahāra-Śuddhi and Rājadharma: Clean Administration, Counsel, and Proportional Punishment

Chapter 86

Devanagari script

ततः सम्प्रेषयेद्‌ राष्ट्रे राष्ट्रियाय च दर्शयेत्‌ । अनेन व्यवहारेण द्रष्टव्यास्ते प्रजा: सदा

Transliteration

tataḥ sampreṣayed rāṣṭre rāṣṭriyāya ca darśayet | anena vyavahāreṇa draṣṭavyās te prajāḥ sadā |

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“其后，当令此事以正式诏告传遍国土，并使每一位百姓皆得知晓。以此方式治事——明白宣示、使众人共知——你当恒常察看臣民之福祉与境况，噢，坚战（Yudhishthira）。”

Word by Word

• ततः: then/thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• सम्प्रेषयेत्: should send/dispatch; should circulate
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + प्रेष्
• Form: Vidhi-linga, optative (injunctive sense), 3, singular, Parasmaipada

• राष्ट्रे: in the kingdom/state
• राष्ट्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राष्ट्र
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• राष्ट्रियाय: to a citizen/subject (of the realm)
• राष्ट्रियाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राष्ट्रिय
• Form: masculine, dative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• दर्शयेत्: should show/make known
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Vidhi-linga, optative, 3, singular, Parasmaipada, ṇij (causative) implied: दर्शयति

• अनेन: by this/through this
• अनेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: masculine/neuter, instrumental, singular

• व्यवहारेण: by (this) procedure/practice
• व्यवहारेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यवहार
• Form: masculine, instrumental, singular

• द्रष्टव्याः: to be looked after/should be attended to
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दृश्
• Form: gerundive (tavya), feminine, nominative, plural

• ते: those
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: feminine, nominative, plural

• प्रजाः: subjects/people
• प्रजाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा
• Form: feminine, nominative, plural

• सदा: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Yudhishthira
• rāṣṭra (the kingdom/realm)
• prajāḥ (subjects/citizens)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A ruler should govern through transparent, publicly communicated decisions and continuous oversight of the people’s welfare; administration must be accountable to the realm and oriented toward protecting and monitoring the condition of the subjects.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on practical statecraft: once a decision is settled, it should be officially disseminated across the kingdom and made known to citizens, so the king can consistently supervise and safeguard the populace.