Shloka 32

आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः

Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation

Devanagari script

भवत्यथधर्मो धर्मो हि धर्माधर्मावुभावपि । कारणाद्‌ देशकालस्य देशकाल: स तादृश:,देश-कालकी परिस्थितिके कारण कभी अधर्म तो धर्म हो जाता है और धर्म अधर्मरूपमें परिणत हो जाता है; क्योंकि वह वैसा ही देश काल है

Transliteration

bhavaty atha dharmo dharmo hi dharmādharmāv ubhāv api | kāraṇād deśakālasya deśakālaḥ sa tādṛśaḥ ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：所谓“法”（dharma），在某些情势下可以转为“非法”（adharma）；而所谓“非法”，在某些情势下也能呈现“法”的性质。这种倒转，源于处所与时势的决定力量；当时地如此，行为的道德属性便应据此裁量。

Word by Word

• भवति: becomes / happens
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Lat (Present), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• अथ: then / now
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• धर्मः: dharma (righteousness/duty)
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मः: dharma
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हि: indeed / for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• धर्माधर्मौ: dharma and adharma
• धर्माधर्मौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + अधर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• उभौ: both
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उभ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• अपि: also / even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• कारणात्: from the cause / due to
• कारणात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारण
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• देशकालस्य: of place-and-time
• Type: Noun
• Root: देशकाल
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• देशकालः: place-and-time (context)
• देशकालः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देशकाल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सः: that / he / it
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तादृशः: such / of that kind
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तादृश
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma