Chapter 78: Royal Responsibility for Wealth, Social Order, and the Protection of Dvijas
Kekaya Exemplum
अतः राजाओंको चाहिये कि वे विपरीत कर्म करने-वाले ब्राह्मणोंको उनपर अनुग्रह करनेके लिये ही नियन्त्रणमें रखें और उनकी आवश्यकताकी वस्तुएँ उन्हें देते रहें ।।
ataḥ rājñāṁ ca kāryaṁ yat viparīta-karma-kāriṇaḥ brāhmaṇān anugrahārtham eva niyantrayet, teṣāṁ cāvaśyakāni dravyāṇi satataṁ dadāt. evaṁ yo vartate rājā paurajānapadeṣv iha, sa iha bhadrāṇy anubhūya ante indrasa-lokatāṁ prāpnoti.
毗湿摩教诲说:诸王应当约束那些违背正行的婆罗门——并非出于敌意,而唯为矫正与护持他们——并且仍要持续供给其生活所需。凡能以此等合乎法(dharma)的方式对待城邑与乡野之民的君主,今世享安泰,寿终则得往因陀罗之界。
भीष्म उवाच
A king must uphold dharma by regulating even Brahmins when they act wrongly, but the motive must be anugraha—benevolent correction and protection—while still ensuring their basic needs are met. Such balanced, principled governance yields welfare here and heavenly merit hereafter.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira on how a ruler should treat different social groups. Here he emphasizes disciplined yet compassionate oversight of erring Brahmins and fair dharmic conduct toward both urban and rural subjects, linking righteous rule to prosperity and Indra’s realm.