Shloka 30

राजधर्मः—प्रजापालनं दानयज्ञश्च

Royal Duty—Protection of Subjects, Generosity, and Sacrificial Discipline

Devanagari script

यदा कुलीनो धर्मज्ञ: प्राप्तोत्यैश्वर्यमुत्तमम्‌ । योगक्षेमस्तदा राज्ञ: कुशलायैव कल्प्यते

Translation

当一位出身高贵、通晓达摩之人，在王前获得至高权柄——如宰辅大臣等重任——此时国王的“瑜伽”与“刹摩”（所得与保全）方得圆满，从而成就治国之安稳与善政。

Word by Word

• यदा: when
• यदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा

• कुलीनः: well-born, of good family
• कुलीनः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुलीन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्मज्ञः: knower of dharma
• धर्मज्ञः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्मज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्राप्तः: having obtained / having reached
• प्राप्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उत्: up, forth (preverb)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत्

• ऐश्वर्यम्: sovereignty, lordship, power
• ऐश्वर्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऐश्वर्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उत्तमम्: excellent, highest
• उत्तमम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• योगक्षेमः: acquisition and protection; welfare and security
• योगक्षेमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगक्षेम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• राज्ञः: of the king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• कुशलाय: for well-being, for prosperity
• कुशलाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुशल
• Form: Neuter, Dative, Singular

• एव: indeed, only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• कल्प्यते: is arranged/ordained; is considered to be
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॢप्
• Form: Lat (present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive/impersonal sense

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच