Shloka 3

जहाँ ब्राह्मण अपने तेजसे प्रजाके अदृष्ट भयका निवारण करता है और राजा अपने बाहुबलसे दृष्ट भयको दूर करता है, वह राज्य-सुखसे उत्तरोत्तर उन्नति करता है ।। अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम्‌ । मुचुकुन्दस्य संवादं राज्ञो वैश्रवणस्य च,इस विषयमें विज्ञ पुरुष मुचुकुन्द और राजा कुबेरके संवादरूप एक प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

yatra brāhmaṇaḥ svena tejasā prajāyā adṛṣṭa-bhaya-nivāraṇaṃ karoti rājā ca sva-bāhubalena dṛṣṭa-bhayaṃ dūrīkaroti, tat rājyaṃ sukhenottarottaraṃ vardhate. atrāpy udāharantīmam itihāsaṃ purātanam—mucukundasya saṃvādaṃ rājño vaiśravaṇasya ca.

毗湿摩说道:“在一国之中,婆罗门以其灵威之光消除百姓所受的无形恐惧,而国王以臂力驱逐眼前可见的危难,则此邦必在安乐中步步高升,愈益昌盛。就此事而言,博学之士常引一则古老的史传为证:即牟楚昆达王与毗舍罗伐那(俱毗罗)之间的对话。”

अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
Formindeclinable (place/occasion adverb)
अपिalso/indeed
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formindeclinable (particle)
उदाहरन्तिthey cite/give as an example
उदाहरन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्+आ+हृ
Formpresent, parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इतिहासम्ancient account/legend
इतिहासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइतिहास
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पुरातनम्ancient/old
पुरातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरातन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
मुचुकुन्दस्यof Muchukunda
मुचुकुन्दस्य:
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootमुचुकुन्द
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
संवादम्dialogue/conversation
संवादम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंवाद
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
वैश्रवणस्यof Vaishravana (Kubera)
वैश्रवणस्य:
TypeNoun (proper/epithet)
Rootवैश्रवण
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (conjunction)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmin (brāhmaṇa)
K
King (rājā)
S
Subjects/people (prajā)
M
Muchukunda
V
Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera)

Educational Q&A

A stable and flourishing kingdom depends on complementary duties: Brahmins safeguard the realm by spiritual-ethical power that counters unseen dangers, while the king protects through force and administration against visible threats. When both functions operate properly, the state prospers progressively.

Bhishma is instructing on statecraft in the Shanti Parva. He states a principle about how a kingdom advances, then introduces an illustrative ancient episode—presented as a dialogue between King Muchukunda and Vaishravana (Kubera)—as a supporting example for the teaching.