Shloka 13
अध्याय ७२ — राजधर्मः: प्रजारक्षण, कर-नीति, दण्ड-नीति, अमात्य-नियोजन
Chapter 72 — Royal Duty: protection of subjects, taxation, punishment, and appointments
Devanagari script
मा स्माधर्मेण लोभेन लिप्सेथास्त्वं धनागमम् | धर्मार्थावध्रुवौ तस्य यो न शास्त्रपरो भवेत्
Translation
“大王啊，切莫因贪欲而希求以非法（adharma）之途聚敛财富；凡不依圣典教法（śāstra）而行者，其法（dharma）与利（artha）二者皆不稳固、难以久长。”
Word by Word
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
Formprohibitive particle (with imperative/optative)
स्मindeed/ever (emphasis)
स्म:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म
Formparticle (emphatic/recalling; with prohibition)
अधर्मेणby unrighteousness
अधर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
लोभेनby greed
लोभेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
लिप्सेथाःyou should desire to obtain
लिप्सेथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootलिप्स् (desiderative of √लभ्)
Formoptative, 2nd person, singular, parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धनागमम्acquisition/coming of wealth
धनागमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनागम
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
धर्मार्थौdharma and artha
धर्मार्थौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + अर्थ
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
अध्रुवौunstable, uncertain
अध्रुवौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootअध्रुव
Formmasculine, nominative, dual (agreeing with धर्मार्थौ)
तस्यof him/of that person
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
Formnegation
शास्त्रपरःdevoted to/intent on the śāstra
शास्त्रपरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशास्त्रपर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
भवेत्would be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
Formoptative, 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes