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Shloka 51

राजवृत्त-रक्षा-प्रणिधि-षाड्गुण्योपदेशः

Royal Conduct, Protection, Intelligence, and Policy Measures

वायुकी सहायतासे प्रज्वलित हुई आग जब किसी गाँव या जंगलको जलाने लगे तो सम्भव है कि वहाँका कुछ भाग जलाये बिना शेष छोड़ दे; परंतु राजा जिसपर आक्रमण करता है, उसकी कहीं कोई वस्तु शेष नहीं रह जाती ।।

vāyukī sahāyatāse prajvalitā hutāśanā yadā grāmaṁ vā vanaṁ vā dahituṁ pravartate tadā sambhavati yat tatra kiñcid aṁśaṁ adagdham utsṛjya śeṣaṁ dahati; kintu rājā yasya upari ākrāmati tasya kvacid api kiñcid vastu śeṣaṁ na tiṣṭhati. tasya sarvāṇi rakṣyāṇi dūrataḥ parivarjayet. mṛtyor iva jugupset rājāsva-haraṇāt naraḥ.

当烈火得风助势,腾起而吞噬村落或森林时,或许还会有一隅未被焚尽;然而君王一旦攻伐于人,那人便处处无余,毫无所存。故而应当远离一切受王家护持之物,并当如畏死一般,对夺取王财怀以惊惧与厌恶,竭力自守,勿使沾染。

तस्यof him/that (king)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formneuter, accusative, plural
रक्ष्याणिthings to be guarded/protected
रक्ष्याणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्ष्य
Formneuter, accusative, plural, future passive participle (gerundive) from √रक्ष्
दूरतःfrom afar; at a distance
दूरतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदूर
Formablatival adverb
परिवर्जयेत्should avoid/keep away from
परिवर्जयेत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-√वृज्
Formoptative (vidhi-lin), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
मृत्योःfrom death / of death
मृत्योः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
Formmasculine, ablative/genitive, singular
इवlike; as
इव:
Upamana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formparticle
जुगुप्सेतshould shun/abhor
जुगुप्सेत:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Root√गुप्स् (desiderative: जुगुप्स्)
Formoptative (vidhi-lin), 3rd, singular, ātmanepada
राजस्वहरणात्from taking/stealing the king's revenue/treasure
राजस्वहरणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootराजस्व-हरण
Formneuter, ablative, singular, राजस्वस्य हरणम् (genitive tatpurusha)
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

वसुमना उवाच

वसुमना (Vasumanā)
राजा (the king)
वायु (wind)
अग्नि (fire)
ग्राम (village)
वन (forest)
राजस्व / राजास्व (royal wealth)

Educational Q&A

Royal property and what lies under the king’s protection must be strictly avoided; taking the king’s wealth is to be shunned as one would shun death, because the king’s punitive power can strip a person of everything.

Vasumanā illustrates the king’s overwhelming capacity to punish by comparing it to a wind-driven fire: fire may leave some patches unburnt, but a king’s assault leaves nothing remaining. The verse functions as a warning against encroaching on protected or state-owned goods.