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Shloka 28

राजवृत्त-रक्षा-प्रणिधि-षाड्गुण्योपदेशः

Royal Conduct, Protection, Intelligence, and Policy Measures

हस्ताद्धस्तं परिमुषेद्‌ भिद्येरन्‌ सर्वसेतव: । भयार्त॑ विद्रवेत्‌ सर्व यदि राजा न पालयेत्‌

hastād hastaṁ parimuṣed bhidyeran sarva-setavaḥ | bhayārtā vidravet sarve yadi rājā na pālayet ||

瓦苏摩那说:若国王不加护佑(百姓与社会秩序),盗贼将夺走人手中所持之物;一切界限与规范尽皆崩裂;众人被恐惧所迫,四散奔逃。此偈强调:王者的护持并非徒具强力,而是道德之责,用以保全公共安宁与达摩之经纬。

हस्तात्from (one's) hand
हस्तात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
हस्तम्(another) hand
हस्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परिमुषेत्would steal/snatch away
परिमुषेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + मुष्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भिद्येरन्would be broken
भिद्येरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada
सर्वसेतवःall boundaries/constraints (lit. all bridges/embankments)
सर्वसेतवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-सेतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भयार्ताःafflicted by fear
भयार्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभय-आर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विद्रवेत्would run about/flee
विद्रवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + द्रु
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वम्everyone/everything (collectively)
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पालयेत्would protect/govern
पालयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वसुमना उवाच

V
Vasumanā
R
rājā (the king)
S
sarve (the people)
T
thieves (implied by parimuṣet)

Educational Q&A

The king’s primary dharma is protection (pālana). Without just governance and enforcement of order, society collapses into theft, fear, and the breakdown of moral and legal boundaries (setu).

Vasumanā is explaining the consequences of a ruler failing to protect: criminals become bold enough to snatch possessions openly, social restraints dissolve, and the populace—overwhelmed by fear—scatters and lives in insecurity.