Shloka 35

राजा-दैवतत्वम् — The King as a Stabilizing ‘Daivata’ (Divine Function) in Social Order

Devanagari script

सत्कृतं स्वजनेनेह परो5पि बहु मन्यते । स्वजनेन त्ववज्ञातं परे परिभवन्त्युत

Transliteration

satkṛtaṃ svajaneneha paro 'pi bahu manyate | svajanena tv avajñātaṃ pare paribhavanty uta ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：在此世间，若一人得其亲族敬重，外人亦多加推崇；若为自家所轻慢，他人也往往随之鄙薄。

Word by Word

• सत्कृतम्: honoured, well-received
• सत्कृतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्कृत (कृ धातु, क्त प्रत्यय; उपसर्ग: सत्/सम्)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• स्वजनेन: by one’s own people/kinsmen
• स्वजनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वजन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• इह: here, in this world
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• परः: another person, outsider
• परः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• बहु: much, greatly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहु

• मन्यते: respects/esteems, considers
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (मन्यते)
• Form: Present, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

• स्वजनेन: by one’s own people/kinsmen
• स्वजनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वजन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• तु: but, however
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• अवज्ञातम्: disregarded, slighted
• अवज्ञातम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अवज्ञात (ज्ञा धातु, क्त प्रत्यय; उपसर्ग: अव)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• परे: others, outsiders
• परे: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• परिभवन्ति: disrespect, insult, slight
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + भू (भवति)
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• उत: and, also (emphatic)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A person’s public standing is strongly shaped by how their own family and close community treat them: honor at home generates wider respect, while contempt from one’s own people invites contempt from others.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct and governance, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on social and ethical realities—how esteem and disgrace spread through society, beginning with one’s immediate circle.