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Shloka 3

Brāhmaṇa-Dharma, Āśrama Eligibility, and the Primacy of Rāja-Dharma (Śānti Parva 63)

भीष्मजीने कहा--प्रभो! भरतवंशावतंस युधिष्ठिर! चारों आश्रम ब्राह्मणोंके लिये ही विहित हैं। अन्य तीनों वर्णोके लोग उन सभी आश्रमोंका अनुसरण नहीं करते हैं ।। उक्तानि कर्माणि बहूनि राजन्‌ स्वर्ग्याणि राजन्यपरायणानि । नेमानि दृष्टान्तविधौ स्मृतानि क्षात्रे हि सर्व विहितं यथावत्‌,राजन! क्षत्रियके लिये शास्त्रमें बहुत-से ऐसे स्वर्गसाधक कर्म बताये गये हैं, जो हिंसाप्रधान हैं, जैसे युद्ध। परंतु ये कर्म ब्राह्मणके लिये आदर्श नहीं हो सकते; क्योंकि क्षत्रियके लिये सभी प्रकारके कर्मोका यथोचित विधान है

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | uktāni karmāṇi bahūni rājan svargyāṇi rājanyaparāyaṇāni | nemāni dṛṣṭāntavidhau smṛtāni kṣātre hi sarvaṃ vihitaṃ yathāvat ||

郁提施提罗说道:“大王啊,经论中宣说了许多能致天界之业,多属武士之职分。然而这些并不应当被树为普遍先例、作为众人皆当效法的典范;因为就刹帝利而言,经典为其一切行为皆立下完备而相称的法度,其中亦包括可能涉及暴力的职责,如战争。”

उक्तानिsaid, stated
उक्तानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउक्त (वच्-धातु, क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
कर्माणिacts, duties
कर्माणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
बहूनिmany
बहूनि:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्वर्ग्याणिheaven-leading, meritorious
स्वर्ग्याणि:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर्ग्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
राजन्यपरायणानिdevoted to/appropriate for the Kshatriya (royal class)
राजन्यपरायणानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootराजन्य-परायण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इमानिthese
इमानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दृष्टान्तविधौin the matter of setting an example/standard
दृष्टान्तविधौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदृष्टान्त-विधि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्मृतानिremembered, prescribed (as authoritative)
स्मृतानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्मृत (स्मृ-धातु, क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
क्षात्रेin/for the Kshatriya duty (kshatra)
क्षात्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सर्वम्everything, all
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विहितम्ordained, prescribed
विहितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविहित (धा-धातु, वि+हित, क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यथावत्properly, duly
यथावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथावत्
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिषछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kṣatriya (rājanya)
B
Brahmin (implied by contrast in the passage)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is role-sensitive: some heaven-leading duties—especially those involving force, like warfare—are prescribed for Kṣatriyas and cannot automatically be treated as universal moral exemplars for all varṇas, particularly not as models for Brahmins.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira frames the distinction between general moral exemplars and class-specific prescriptions, emphasizing that the warrior code includes duties that differ from Brahmin ideals.