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Shloka 10

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

त॑ चेद्‌ द्विजमुपागच्छेद्‌ वर्तमानं स्वकर्मणि । अकुर्वाणं विकर्माणि शान्तं प्रज्ञानतर्पितम्‌

taṁ ced dvijam upāgacched vartamānaṁ svakarmaṇi | akurvāṇaṁ vikarmāṇi śāntaṁ prajñāna-tarpitam ||

毗湿摩说道:“若有人前往亲近一位二生者(dvija),其人安住于自身所规定之业,不作禁行,寂静安然,心意为智慧所滋养而满足——当知此人堪为求教之师。”

तत्him/that (person)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
द्विजम्a brahmin (twice-born)
द्विजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
उपागच्छेत्should approach
उपागच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-गम्
Formoptative (vidhilin), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
वर्तमानम्being engaged/abiding
वर्तमानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
स्वकर्मणिin his own duty/work
स्वकर्मणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वकर्मन्
Formneuter, locative, singular
अकुर्वाणम्not doing
अकुर्वाणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-कर् (कृ)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
विकर्माणिforbidden/wrong acts
विकर्माणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविकर्मन्
Formneuter, accusative, plural
शान्तम्calm, peaceful
शान्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशान्त
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
प्रज्ञानतर्पितम्satiated/content with wisdom
प्रज्ञानतर्पितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रज्ञान-तर्पित
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
dvija

Educational Q&A

A person becomes worthy of approach and learning when he is steady in his own prescribed duty (svadharma), avoids prohibited conduct (vikarma), remains tranquil, and is inwardly fulfilled by wisdom rather than by restless desire.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma is instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and right conduct. Here he describes the marks of a disciplined ‘dvija’—a model of ethical steadiness and wisdom—implying such a person is fit to be sought out for guidance.