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Shloka 59

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

क्रोधजानि तथोग्राणि कामजानि तथैव च । दशोक्तानि कुरुश्रेष्ठ व्यसनान्यत्र चैव ह

krodhajāni tathogrāṇi kāmajāni tathaiva ca | daśoktāni kuruśreṣṭha vyasanāny atra caiva ha ||

毗湿摩说道:“噢,俱卢族中最卓越者,那由忿怒而生的十种可怖恶习,以及同样由欲望而生的恶习,也都在此处加以叙述。”

क्रोधजानिborn of anger
क्रोधजानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रोधज
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
उग्राणिfierce/terrible
उग्राणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
कामजानिborn of desire
कामजानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकामज
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दशten
दश:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदश
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
उक्तानिsaid/mentioned
उक्तानि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त, Neuter, Nominative, Plural
कुरुश्रेष्ठO best of the Kurus
कुरुश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
व्यसनानिvices/calamities/addictions
व्यसनानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अत्रhere/in this context
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवalso/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
Kuru (dynasty)
Y
Yudhishthira (implied by the address 'kuruśreṣṭha')

Educational Q&A

Bhishma emphasizes that a ruler must recognize and restrain the destructive vices rooted in anger and desire; these inner impulses generate “dreadful” failings that undermine personal discipline and good governance.

In the Rajadharma instruction of the Shanti Parva, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira, indicating that the text has already set out (or will set out in this section) a list of ten severe vices arising from anger and from desire.