Shloka 59
राजधर्मप्रश्नः — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry into Rājadharma (Śānti-parva 56)
Devanagari script
निन्दन्ते स्वानधीकारान् संत्यजन्ते च भारत । न वृत्त्या परितुष्यन्ति राजदेयं हरन्ति च
Translation
“噢，婆罗多！他们诋毁并抛弃交付于其职分之内的事务；对所给俸禄不知满足，且侵吞国库之财。”
Word by Word
निन्दन्तेthey censure/blame
निन्दन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनिन्द्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Prathama, Bahuvachana, Vartamana
स्वान्their own
स्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormPum, Dvitiya, Bahuvachana
अधीकारान्duties/charges/assigned offices
अधीकारान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधिकार
FormPum, Dvitiya, Bahuvachana
संत्यजन्तेthey abandon/renounce
संत्यजन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + त्यज्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Prathama, Bahuvachana, Vartamana
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormPum, Sambodhana, Ekvachana
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
वृत्त्याby/with their livelihood (wages/maintenance)
वृत्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormStri, Tritiya, Ekvachana
परितुष्यन्तिthey are satisfied/content
परितुष्यन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + तुष्
FormLat, Parasmaipada, Prathama, Bahuvachana, Vartamana
राजदेयम्royal due/king's revenue (public money)
राजदेयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजदेय
FormNapum, Dvitiya, Ekvachana
हरन्तिthey take away/steal
हरन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहृ
FormLat, Parasmaipada, Prathama, Bahuvachana, Vartamana
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormPum, Sambodhana, Ekvachana
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes