Shloka 10
राजधर्मप्रश्नः — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry into Rājadharma (Śānti-parva 56)
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच नमो धर्माय महते नम: कृष्णाय वेधसे । ब्राह्मुणेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य धर्मान् वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान्
Translation
毗湿摩说道：“礼敬伟大的法（Dharma）；礼敬奎师那——造化并统摄世界者。如今我先向婆罗门诸贤致敬，然后将开始宣说永恒之法。”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
नमःsalutation
नमः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस्
धर्मायto Dharma / to righteousness
धर्माय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
महतेto the great
महते:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
नमःsalutation
नमः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस्
कृष्णायto Krishna
कृष्णाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
वेधसेto the creator/ordainer
वेधसे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवेधस्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
ब्राह्मणेभ्यःto the Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
नमस्कृत्यhaving saluted
नमस्कृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनमस् + कृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
धर्मान्duties / laws / dharmas
धर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वक्ष्यामिI shall speak
वक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future, First, Singular
शाश्वतान्eternal / perennial
शाश्वतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes