Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 9

भरतनन्दन नरेश्वर! तुमने जिसके विषयमें मुझसे पूछा था, वह श्रेष्ठ धर्म यही है। वह धीर ब्राह्मण निष्काम-भावसे धर्म और अर्थसम्बन्धी कार्यमें संलग्न रहता था ।॥। सच किल कृतनिश्चयो द्विजो भुजगपतिप्रतिदेशितात्मकृत्य: । यमनियमसहो वनान्तरं परिगणितोज्छशिलाशन: प्रविष्ट:,नागराजके उपदेशके अनुसार अपने कर्तव्यको समझकर उस ब्राह्मणने उसके पालनका दृढ़ निश्चय कर लिया और दूसरे वनमें जाकर उज्छशिलवृत्तिसे प्राप्त हुए परिमित अन्नका भोजन करता हुआ यम-नियमका पालन करने लगा

bharatanandana nareśvara! tvayā yasya viṣaye mama pṛṣṭaṃ tad eva śreṣṭho dharmaḥ. sa dhīro brāhmaṇo niṣkāma-bhāvena dharma-artha-sambandhiṣu kāryeṣu saṃlagna āsīt. satyaṃ kila kṛta-niścayo dvijo bhujaga-pati-pratideśitātma-kṛtyaḥ; yama-niyama-sahaḥ vanāntaraṃ parigaṇitocchiṣṭa-śilāśanaḥ praviṣṭaḥ.

毗湿摩说道:“噢,婆罗多的后裔,噢,大王!你向我所问的——这确是至高的达摩。那位坚毅的婆罗门,无所私欲,恒常从事与达摩与阿尔塔相关之行。诚然,他既依蛇族之主的教诲而明了自身本分,便立下坚固誓愿;这位二次生者遂入另一片森林。在那里,他以‘occhiṣṭa-śilā’之生计法所得的定量食物为食,修持制戒(yama)与行持(niyama)。”

सत्यम्truly
सत्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसत्य
FormAvyaya (used as sentence-adverb)
किलindeed / it is said
किल:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल
FormAvyaya (particle)
कृतनिश्चयःfirmly resolved
कृतनिश्चयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजःBrahmin (twice-born)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भुजगपतिप्रतिदेशितात्मकृत्यःwhose own duty was instructed by the lord of serpents
भुजगपतिप्रतिदेशितात्मकृत्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभुजगपति-प्रतिदेशित-आत्मकृत्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यमनियमसहःaccompanied by (observing) yama and niyama
यमनियमसहः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयमनियमसह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वनान्तरम्another forest / forest-interior
वनान्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवनान्तर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परिगणितmeasured / limited
परिगणित:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-गण्
FormPast passive participle (kta), used adjectivally
उच्छशिलाशनःone who eats uñchha-śilā (gleaned/grain-collected) food
उच्छशिलाशनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउच्छशिलाशन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रविष्टःhaving entered
प्रविष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-विश्
FormPast active participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (भीष्म)
B
Bharatanandana (address to the king, i.e., Yudhishthira)
N
Nareśvara (the king, addressed)
B
Brahmin ascetic (द्विज/ब्राह्मण)
B
Bhujagapati / Nāgarāja (lord of serpents)
F
Forest (vanāntara)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents ‘highest dharma’ as disciplined, desireless engagement with rightful duties (dharma and artha) grounded in firm resolve, ethical restraints (yama), and observances (niyama), even under austere living conditions.

Bhishma explains to the king that a Brahmin, after receiving instruction from the lord of serpents about his proper duty, makes a firm vow, goes into another forest, lives on a severely limited gleaned/leftover-food regimen, and practices yama and niyama.