Shloka 37

Prāyaścitta-vidhāna: Tapas, Dāna, Vrata, and Proportional Expiation (प्रायश्चित्तविधानम्)

Devanagari script

न नृत्यगीतशीलेषु हासकेषु च धार्मिक: । न मत्ते चैव नोन्मत्ते न स्तेने न च कुत्सके

Transliteration

na nṛtyagītaśīleṣu hāsakeṣu ca dhārmikaḥ | na matte caiva nonmatte na stene na ca kutsake

Translation

毗耶娑说道：“真正的义人不以沉溺歌舞者为乐，也不喜与弄臣与轻薄的娱人相交。他不与醉者或狂者为伍，不与盗贼为伍，也不与卑鄙可憎之徒为伍——远离此等交游，以护持达摩与品格。”

Word by Word

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• नृत्यगीतशीलेषु: among those devoted to dancing and singing
• नृत्यगीतशीलेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृत्य-गीत-शील
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• हासकेषु: among jesters/makers of laughter
• हासकेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हासक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• धार्मिकः: a righteous man
• धार्मिकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धार्मिक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• मत्ते: in/with the intoxicated
• मत्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मत्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• उन्मत्ते: in/with the mad/frenzied
• उन्मत्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उन्मत्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• स्तेने: in/with a thief
• स्तेने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तेन
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• कुत्सके: in/with a vile/abusive person
• कुत्सके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुत्सक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Dharma is protected by guarding one’s associations: a righteous person avoids the company of the frivolous, intoxicated, deranged, thieving, and morally base, since such proximity erodes character and judgment.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the didactic discourse of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa enumerates marks of righteous conduct, presenting practical guidance on whom a dhārmika should not keep company with.