Shloka 89
Nāgendra–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda: Praśna-vidhi and Dharmic Approach on the Gomatī Riverbank
अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम् । विविधा च तथा चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पजचमम्
adhiṣṭhānaṃ tathā kartā karaṇaṃ ca pṛthagvidham | vividhā ca tathā ceṣṭā daivaṃ caivātra pañcamam ||
毗舍摩波耶那说道：“于此事中有五种因素：依处（行动发生之身座）、作者（行者）、种种器具（行动之手段）、多样的努力与动转（诸般活动），以及第五者——天命/摄护。故当知行动由此诸因和合而生，并非唯出一源。”
वैशग्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
Action should be understood as produced by multiple causes—locus, agent, instruments, effort, and destiny—so ethical judgment should avoid simplistic blame or pride that attributes everything to the self alone.
Vaiśaṃpāyana is explaining a doctrinal point in the Śānti Parva: a structured analysis of how actions arise, emphasizing both human responsibility (effort, instruments, agency) and the limiting role of daiva (providence).