Shloka 47
Yajña-bhāga-vyavasthā and the Pravṛtti–Nivṛtti Framework (यज्ञभागव्यवस्था तथा प्रवृत्तिनिवृत्तिधर्मविवेचनम्)
परीक्षेत तथा शिष्यानीक्षेत् कुलगुणादिभि: । “जैसे आगमें तपाने, काटने और कसौटीपर कसनेसे शुद्ध सोनेकी परख की जाती है, उसी प्रकार कुल और गुण आदिके द्वारा शिष्योंकी परीक्षा करनी चाहिये ।।
parīkṣeta tathā śiṣyān īkṣet kula-guṇādibhiḥ | yathāgnau tāpanāc chedanāt kaṣāyāṃ ca suvarṇasya śuddhiḥ parīkṣyate tathā kula-guṇādibhiḥ śiṣyāḥ parīkṣaṇīyāḥ | na niyojyāś ca vaḥ śiṣyā aniyoge mahābhaye |
毗湿摩说道：“当细察弟子，以其家世、品行及诸般德性而加以考验。正如纯金须经火炼、刀切、试金石摩擦而得验证，弟子亦当以门第、行止与德行来检验。又不可使门徒从事不当之事，或投身于大险大惧之业。教诲之果，随各人之才智与勤勉而成；故当引导他们渡过艰难危厄，趋向自身之福祉。”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A teacher must carefully assess a student’s character and suitability—like assaying gold—and must not involve students in improper or dangerously harmful undertakings; learning succeeds according to aptitude and effort, so guidance should aim at the student’s welfare.
In Bhishma’s instruction discourse in the Shanti Parva, he lays down ethical norms for pedagogy: how to evaluate disciples and what kinds of actions a teacher should never demand of them.