Shloka 423
Yajña-bhāga-vyavasthā and the Pravṛtti–Nivṛtti Framework (यज्ञभागव्यवस्था तथा प्रवृत्तिनिवृत्तिधर्मविवेचनम्)
उवाच शिष्यान् धर्मात्मा धर्म्य नैःश्रेयसं वच: । शिष्योंकी यह बात सुनकर वेदार्थके तत्त्वज्ञ
uvāca śiṣyān dharmātmā dharmya naiḥśreyasaṃ vacaḥ | śiṣyāṇāṃ etāṃ kathāṃ śrutvā vedārtha-tattvajñaḥ pāralaukikārtha-cintakaḥ dharmātmā parāśara-nandanaḥ buddhimān vyāsaḥ sarvebhyaḥ śiṣyebhyaḥ idaṃ dharmānukūlaṃ kalyāṇakāri vacaḥ uvāca ||
毗湿摩说道：“听罢弟子们的话，毗耶娑——波罗沙罗之子，睿智而持法，洞悉吠陀真义，常思后世究竟——便对众弟子宣说合乎法度、趋向至善的训诲。”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A teacher’s instruction should be dharmya (aligned with righteousness) and naiḥśreyasa-oriented (aimed at the highest welfare), grounded in true understanding of the Veda and directed toward the student’s lasting good rather than mere worldly gain.
After hearing his disciples’ words, Vyāsa—described as wise, righteous, and a knower of Vedic truth—addresses all of them with beneficial counsel. Bhīṣma reports this as part of the larger Shānti Parva discourse on dharma and right conduct.