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Shloka 78

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

जब द्विज इस बातको समझ लेता है कि मैं अन्य हूँ और यह प्राकृत शरीर अथवा अनात्म-जगत्‌ मुझसे सर्वथा भिन्न है, तब वह प्रकृतिके संसर्गसे रहित हो छब्बीसवें तत्त्व परमात्माका साक्षात्कार कर लेता है ।।

anyaśṣu rājann avaras tathānyaḥ pañcaviṁśakaḥ | tatsthānāc cānupaśyanti eka eveti sādhavaḥ ||

阎若婆迦说道:大王啊,在众多原理之中,有一者为下,有一者别异——计为第二十五原理。立于彼更高原理之地,贤者见自我唯是一。若再生者真能了悟:“我异于此”,并知此自然之身与非我之世与己全然分离,便离于自性(prakṛti)之触染,亲证至上之我——超越自然诸成分之更高原理。

अन्येषुamong others / in other (principles)
अन्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अवरःlower / inferior
अवरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अन्यःanother / different
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चविंशकःthe twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्स्थानात्from that place/position (from that state)
तत्स्थानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्स्थान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुपश्यन्तिthey perceive/see accordingly
अनुपश्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√पश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
एकःone
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
साधवःthe good/wise (people)
साधवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
K
King (rājan)
D
dvija
P
Prakṛti
P
Paramātman
P
pañcaviṁśa-tattva (the 25th principle)

Educational Q&A

Discriminative knowledge: the seeker must discern the Self (Puruṣa/Ātman, the ‘twenty-fifth principle’) as wholly distinct from body and the non-self world. With this viveka, one becomes disentangled from Prakṛti and attains direct realization of the supreme Self, understood as one and the same in all.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation, the sage Yājñavalkya addresses a king and explains a Sāṅkhya-like hierarchy of principles: a lower set associated with nature and a higher, distinct principle (the 25th). He states that the wise, standing in that higher standpoint, perceive the oneness of the Self and thereby move toward liberation.