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Shloka 74

नारद–शुक संवादः

Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga

न चतुर्विशको ग्राह्मो मनुजैज्ञनिदर्शिभि: । मत्स्यश्नोदकमन्वेति प्रवर्तेत प्रवर्तनात्‌

na caturviśako grāhyo manuṣyair jñāna-darśibhiḥ | matsyaḥ śn-udakam anveti pravarteta pravartanāt ||

阎若婆迦(Yājñavalkya)说道:真正以智慧洞见者,不应将“自性”(prakṛti,物质之性)认作真我。譬如鱼随水而行、依水而动,却终究不与水同体;同样,人于应行之时当顺应自然之运作而行事,但切不可误认自然为自身真实的本体。

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चतुर्विंशकःthe group of twenty-four (tattvas)
चतुर्विंशकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर्विंशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ग्राह्यःto be accepted/appropriated
ग्राह्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootग्रह्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनुजैःby men
मनुजैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ज्ञानिदर्शिभिःby knowers and seers
ज्ञानिदर्शिभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञानिन्-दर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
मत्स्यःa fish
मत्स्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्नोदकम्its own water / the water it lives in
स्नोदकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्न-उदक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अन्वेतिfollows
अन्वेति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-इ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रवर्तेतshould act / should proceed
प्रवर्तेत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-वृत्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
प्रवर्तनात्from (its) activity/impulse; according to the tendency
प्रवर्तनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवर्तन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच

Y
Yājñavalkya
F
fish (matsya)
W
water (udaka)

Educational Q&A

Do not identify the Self with prakṛti (the body-mind and guṇa-driven nature). One may act according to the conditions of nature, but inwardly remain established in the knowledge that the Self is distinct.

In Yājñavalkya’s instruction within the Śānti Parva’s mokṣa-oriented discourse, he uses an analogy—fish and water—to clarify how a wise person can live and act in the world without confusing worldly nature with one’s true identity.