Shloka 38
अव्यक्त–पुरुष–विवेकः (Discrimination of Avyakta/Prakṛti and Puruṣa) — Yājñavalkya’s Anvīkṣikī to Viśvāvasu
Devanagari script
क्षेत्र जानाति चाव्यक्तं क्षेत्रज्ञ इति चोच्यते । आव्यक्तिके पुरे शेते पुरुषश्वेति कथ्यते
Translation
瓦西什塔说道：“他了知名为未显（avyakta）的‘田’——即自性（Prakṛti），故称为‘知田者’（kṣetrajña）。又因他作为内在主宰（antaryāmin），安卧于诸‘城’——亦即由自然所成之身——故名为‘普鲁沙’（Puruṣa）。”
Word by Word
क्षेत्रम्the field (body/nature)
क्षेत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जानातिknows
जानाति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अव्यक्तम्the unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्षेत्रज्ञःknower of the field
क्षेत्रज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
आव्यक्तिकेin the unmanifest-related (prākṛta)
आव्यक्तिके:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootआव्यक्तिक
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पुरेin the city (body)
पुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शेतेlies, dwells
शेते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशी
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
पुरुषःthe person (indweller)
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
कथ्यतेis said/called
कथ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
Speaker
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes