Shloka 45
Adhyāya 302: Guṇa-vicāra, Gati-bheda, and the Imperishable State
Yājñavalkya–Janaka
Devanagari script
तमसा तामसान् भावान् विविधानू् प्रतिपद्यते । रजसा राजसांश्वैव सात्त्विकान् सत्त्वसंश्रयात्
Translation
由黑暗性（tamas），他趋入种种昏沉迷妄之态；由激动性（rajas），他趋入诸般躁动欲求之态；而依清明性（sattva），他获得光明澄澈等清净之态。
Word by Word
तमसाby darkness; by tamas (quality)
तमसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतमस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तामसान्tamasic
तामसान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भावान्states; dispositions
भावान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विविधान्various
विविधान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रतिपद्यतेattains; comes to
प्रतिपद्यते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति√पद्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
रजसाby rajas (quality)
रजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
राजसान्rajasic
राजसान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootराजस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सात्त्विकान्sattvic
सात्त्विकान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसात्त्विक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सत्त्वसंश्रयात्from reliance on sattva; due to taking refuge in sattva
सत्त्वसंश्रयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व-आश्रय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
Speaker
वसिष्ठ उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes