Shloka 29

अव्यक्तकालमान-निर्णयः

Measures of Time from the Unmanifest; Creation, Elements, and the Primacy of Mind

Devanagari script

सत्यं दमं हाार्जवमानृशंस्यं धृतिं तितिक्षामतिसेवमान: । स्वाध्यायनित्यो5स्पृहयन्‌ परेषा- मेकान्तशील्यूर्ध्वगतिर्भवेत्‌ सः

Transliteration

satyaṃ damaṃ ārjavam ānṛśaṃsyaṃ dhṛtiṃ titikṣām atisevamānaḥ | svādhyāya-nityo 'spṛhayan pareṣāṃ ekānta-śīlī ūrdhva-gatir bhavet saḥ ||

Translation

凡殷勤修习真实、调御诸根、质直无欺与慈悲；常行坚忍与堪耐；恒住自学（svādhyāya）；不贪他人之物；乐于独处寂静者——此人得上行之道，升至更高之境。

Word by Word

• सत्यम्: truth
• सत्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दमम्: self-control
• दमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आर्जवम्: straightforwardness
• आर्जवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्जव
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अनृशंस्यम्: non-cruelty, compassion
• अनृशंस्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनृशंस्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• धृतिम्: steadfastness
• धृतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• तितिक्षाम्: forbearance
• तितिक्षाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तितिक्षा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अतिसेवमानः: practising greatly, cultivating
• अतिसेवमानः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अति-सेव्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present active participle)

• स्वाध्यायनित्यः: always devoted to self-study
• स्वाध्यायनित्यः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वाध्याय-नित्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अस्पृहयन्: not desiring
• अस्पृहयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्पृह्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle), अ-

• परेषाम्: of others
• परेषाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: पर
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• एकान्तशीलः: one whose habit is solitude
• एकान्तशीलः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकान्त-शील
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ऊर्ध्वगतिः: higher course/destination
• ऊर्ध्वगतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊर्ध्व-गति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• भवेत्: would become / attains
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

हंस उवाच

Characters & Entities

• हंस (Haṃsa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches that spiritual elevation comes from a disciplined ethical life: truthfulness, sense-control, sincerity, compassion, steadfastness, patience, regular self-study, non-covetousness toward others’ possessions, and a preference for quiet solitude that supports inner clarity.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Haṃsa speaks as a teacher, listing the virtues and practices that lead a person toward an ‘upward course’—a higher spiritual destiny—rather than merely worldly success.