Shloka 34

अध्याय २९७ — श्रेयः, धृति, दान-नियमाः

Welfare, Steadfastness, and Norms of Giving

Devanagari script

यो दुर्लभतरं प्राप्य मानुष्यं द्विषते नरः । धर्मावमन्ता कामात्मा भवेत्स खलु वज्च्यते

Transliteration

yo durlabhataraṁ prāpya mānuṣyaṁ dviṣate naraḥ | dharmāvamantā kāmātmā bhavet sa khalu vañcyate ||

Translation

帕罗娑罗说：有人既得极其稀有之人身，却仍憎恨他人，轻慢达摩，任欲望驱使——此人实已失却人世所能成就的最大利益。

Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुर्लभतरम्: more difficult to obtain (very rare)
• दुर्लभतरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्लभतर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप्य: having obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• मानुष्यम्: human state / human birth
• मानुष्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• द्विषते: hates
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्विष्
• Form: Lat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• धर्म-अवमन्ता: one who disrespects dharma
• धर्म-अवमन्ता: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मावमन्तृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• काम-आत्मा: one whose nature is desire; lust-driven
• काम-आत्मा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कामात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भवेत्: would be / becomes
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Vidhi-lin (Optative), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• खलु: indeed / surely
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: खलु

• वञ्च्यते: is deprived / is cheated (of a great gain)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वञ्च्
• Form: Lat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive (karmani-prayoga sense)

Speaker

पराशर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Parāśara

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Human birth is portrayed as a rare opportunity meant for dharma and inner growth; hatred, contempt for dharma, and being driven by desire cause one to forfeit the highest benefit of life.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the didactic setting of the Śānti Parva, Parāśara delivers moral instruction, warning that a person who misuses human life through hatred and desire becomes deprived of true spiritual and ethical profit.