Shloka 12
अध्याय २९७ — श्रेयः, धृति, दान-नियमाः
Welfare, Steadfastness, and Norms of Giving
जब आयु समाप्त हो जाती है तभी देहधारी जीव पंचत्वको प्राप्त होता है। यह बिना कारणके भी हो जाता है और कभी विभिन्न कारणोंसे उपपादित होता है ।।
yadā āyuḥ samāptā bhavati tadā dehadhārī jīvaḥ pañcatvaṃ prāpnoti | etad akāraṇam api bhavati, kadācid vividha-kāraṇaiḥ upapāditam | tathā śarīraṃ bhavati dehād yena upapāditam | adhvānaṃ gatavaś cāyaṃ prāptaś cāyaṃ gṛhād gṛham | ye tu dehaṃ prāpya haṭhapūrvakaṃ tasya parityāgaṃ kurvanti, teṣāṃ pūrvavad eva yātanāmaya-śarīra-prāptir bhavati | te manuṣya-śarīraṃ mokṣa-sādhanam api prāpya ātmahatyā-kāraṇāt tasya lābhāt vañcitāḥ, gṛhād gṛhaṃ gacchato manuṣyasyeva dehād dehaṃ prāpya saṃsaranti |
波罗舍罗说道：“当所分配的寿命走到尽头时，具身之众生便归于五大之境——即死亡。此事有时似乎并无明显之因而发生，有时又被解释为由种种因缘所致。并且，身体的形成，取决于使其得以生起的根基。于是此众生被驱赶在轮回之路上，如同从一所房屋走向另一所房屋。那些既得此身却以强行之举弃舍之——以自我毁灭——仍将如前再得受苦之身。虽已获得人身，此乃解脱之资粮，却因自杀之业而失其利益；如人迁居换屋，他们从一身转入另一身。”
पराशर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Death occurs when lifespan is exhausted, and the human body is a rare means for liberation; therefore forcibly abandoning the body (ātmahatyā) leads not to freedom but to continued transmigration and the attainment of a painful embodiment.
Parāśara is instructing about the mechanics and ethics of death and rebirth: ordinary death follows the completion of lifespan, while self-inflicted death results in renewed suffering and continued movement from one ‘house’ (body) to another.