Shloka 40
जनक–पराशर संवादः — वर्ण-गोत्र-धर्मविचारः
Janaka–Parāśara: Varṇa, Gotra, and Dharma Inquiry
स्वभावसिद्धमेवैतद् यदिमान् सृजते गुणान् | ऊर्णनाभिर्य था सूत्र विज्ञेयास्तन्तुवद् गुणा:
svabhāva-siddham evaitad yad imān sṛjate guṇān | ūrṇanābhir yathā sūtraṁ vijñeyās tantuvad guṇāḥ ||
此乃自然所成：理智（buddhi）生起诸德性（guṇa）。如蜘蛛吐丝，诸 guṇa 当知如丝缕——由理智自身流出，织成经验与行持之网。
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that the guṇas (the fundamental qualities/constituents shaping behavior and experience) arise naturally and are projected from the inner instrument—here expressed as ‘intellect’—just as a spider spins thread from itself. The ethical implication is that one should look inward to understand the source of one’s dispositions and not treat them as merely imposed from outside.
In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and liberation-oriented philosophy. Here he uses a vivid analogy—spider and thread—to explain how the guṇas are generated and how the world of experience is ‘woven,’ supporting the broader teaching on discerning the self from nature and its qualities.