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Shloka 60

अध्याय २८१ — दानधर्मः, न्यायागतधनम्, ऋणत्रय-परिशोधनं च

Dāna ethics, lawful wealth, and settling obligations

वृत्रस्य रुधिराच्चैव शिखण्डा: पार्थ जज्ञिरे । द्विजातिभिरभ क्ष्यास्ते दीक्षितैश्व तपोधनै:

vṛtrasya rudhirāc caiva śikhaṇḍāḥ pārtha jajñire | dvijātibhir abhakṣyās te dīkṣitaiś ca tapodhanaiḥ ||

毗湿摩说道:“噢,帕尔塔,从弗栗陀罗的血中生出了许多‘希佉ṇḍa’——蘑菇。此物为二次生者(婆罗门、刹帝利、吠舍)所禁食;亦为受祭祀灌顶(dikṣā)者与苦行深厚的修行者所禁食。”

वृत्रस्यof Vṛtra
वृत्रस्य:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
रुधिरात्from blood
रुधिरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरुधिर
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
शिखण्डाःmushrooms/fungi (śikhaṇḍa-s)
शिखण्डाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पार्थO Pārtha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जज्ञिरेwere born/arose
जज्ञिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Plural, Ātmanepada
द्विजातिभिःby/for the twice-born (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya)
द्विजातिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
अभक्ष्याःnot to be eaten/inedible (forbidden as food)
अभक्ष्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभक्ष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दीक्षितैःby/for the initiated (under vow for sacrifice)
दीक्षितैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदीक्षित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तपोधनैःby/for ascetics (those whose wealth is austerity)
तपोधनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपोधन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
V
Vṛtra (Vṛtrāsura)
Ś
Śikhaṇḍa (mushrooms/fungi)
D
Dvijāti (twice-born classes)
D
Dīkṣita (one under sacrificial consecration)
T
Tapodhana (ascetics)

Educational Q&A

That dharma includes restraint and purity in consumption: certain foods are prohibited especially for the twice-born, for those under sacrificial consecration, and for ascetics, because their vows and ritual states demand heightened discipline.

Bhīṣma explains to Arjuna that mushrooms (śikhaṇḍa) are said to have arisen from the blood of the asura Vṛtra, and on that basis they are classified as unfit for consumption by specific dharma-bound groups.