Shloka 39

अध्याय २८१ — दानधर्मः, न्यायागतधनम्, ऋणत्रय-परिशोधनं च

Dāna ethics, lawful wealth, and settling obligations

Devanagari script

वयमर्ग्निं तथा शीतं वर्ष च पवनेरितम्‌ । सहाम: सततं देव तथा च्छेदनभेदने

Transliteration

vayam agniṁ tathā śītaṁ varṣaṁ ca pavaneritam | sahāmaḥ satataṁ deva tathā cchedanabhedane ||

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“大王！我等恒常忍受火与寒，以及被风驱赶的雨；同样也无有间断地承受砍伐与劈裂。”

Word by Word

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: —, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• अग्निम्: fire
• अग्निम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तथा: and/also; likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• शीतम्: cold
• शीतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शीत
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वर्षम्: rain
• वर्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पवनेरितम्: driven by the wind
• पवनेरितम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पवन-ईरित
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• सहामः: we endure
• Type: Verb
• Root: सह्
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), उत्तम, बहुवचन

• सततम्: always; continually
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सतत

• देव: O god / O lord
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• तथा: and also; likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• छेदन: cutting
• छेदन: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: छेदन
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• भेदने: and splitting (the two: cutting & splitting)
• भेदने: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भेदन
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Deva (addressed king, i.e., Yudhishthira)
• Agni (fire, as an element)
• Pavana (wind, as an element)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches kṣamā/forbearance: a dharmic person trains to endure natural hardships (heat, cold, wind-driven rain) and even painful injuries, maintaining steadiness and moral resolve rather than being ruled by anger or fear.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on righteous conduct after the war. Here he emphasizes endurance as a practical virtue—illustrating how one should bear external conditions and bodily suffering while remaining committed to dharma.