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Shloka 21

Parāśara’s Counsel on बुद्धि (Discernment), Karma-Consequences, and Avoidance of Pāpānubandha Actions

तस्य वृत्रार्दितस्याथ मोह आसीच्छतक्रतो: । रथन्तरेण तं तत्र वसिष्ठ: समबोधयत्‌

tasya vṛtrārditasyātha moha āsīc chatakratoḥ | rathantareṇa taṃ tatra vasiṣṭhaḥ samabodhayat, kuruśreṣṭha |

毗湿摩说道:“因陀罗——百敌之杀者——被弗栗陀罗所逼迫时,迷惘便笼罩了他。于是,俱卢中最胜者啊,婆悉吒以《罗檀多罗》娑曼在彼处唤醒并安定了他。”

तस्यof him/that (one)
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
वृत्रार्दितस्यof (him) afflicted by Vṛtra
वृत्रार्दितस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवृत्रार्दित
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
मोहःdelusion, bewilderment
मोहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd, singular
शतक्रतोःof Śatakratu (Indra)
शतक्रतोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun (proper epithet)
Rootशतक्रतु
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
रथन्तरेणby/with the Rathantara (Sāman)
रथन्तरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथन्तर
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
वसिष्ठःVasiṣṭha
वसिष्ठः:
Karta
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootवसिष्ठ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
समबोधयत्awakened, made (him) aware, roused
समबोधयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-बुध्
Formimperfect (laṅ), causative, 3rd, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
I
Indra (Śatakratu)
V
Vṛtra (Vṛtrāsura)
V
Vasiṣṭha
R
Rathantara Sāman
K
Kuru (Kuruśreṣṭha—address)

Educational Q&A

Even the powerful can fall into moha (loss of discernment) under pressure; restoration comes through wise guidance and disciplined sacred practice (here, Vasiṣṭha’s use of the Rathantara Sāman), which reorients the mind toward clarity and dharmic action.

Indra, distressed by the conflict with Vṛtra, becomes mentally overwhelmed. The sage Vasiṣṭha then employs the Rathantara Sāman to awaken and steady Indra, enabling him to regain composure and right judgment.