Shloka 13
Aśmagīta: Janaka’s Inquiry on Loss, Kāla, and the Limits of Control (अश्मगीता)
Devanagari script
एवमेतानि दु:ःखानि तानि तानीह मानवम् | विविधान्युपवर्तन्ते तथा संस्पर्शजान्यपि
Transliteration
evam etāni duḥkhāni tāni tānīha mānavam | vividhāny upavartante tathā saṃsparśajāny api ||
Translation
阇那迦说道：“因此，在此世间，正是这些苦恼一次又一次以种种形态临到于人；同样，由与诸境相触而生之苦，也以此方式生起。”
Word by Word
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
दुःखानिsufferings, pains
दुःखानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
तानिthose
तानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
तानिthose (same ones)
तानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
इहhere, in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
मानवम्a human (person)
मानवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
विविधानिvarious, diverse
विविधानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
उपवर्तन्तेoccur, befall, come upon
उपवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootउपवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
तथाlikewise, also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
संस्पर्शजानिborn of contact (sense-contact)
संस्पर्शजानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंस्पर्शज
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Speaker
जनक उवाच
Characters & Entities
J
JanakaM
mānava (human being)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Suffering repeatedly arises for human beings in varied forms, especially through sensory contact and attachment to objects; recognizing this supports restraint and detachment as ethical disciplines.
King Janaka is instructing about the sources and recurrence of human suffering, emphasizing that pains are not random but arise through identifiable causes such as contact with sense-objects.