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Shloka 13

उशनसः (शुक्रस्य) चरितम् — The Account of Uśanā (Śukra): Yoga, Grievance, and Pacification

अस्मिन्नर्थे पुरा गीतं शृणुष्वैकमना नृप । यथा दैत्येन वृत्रेण भ्रष्टैश्व्॒येण चेष्टितम्‌

asminn arthe purā gītaṃ śṛṇuṣvaikamanā nṛpa | yathā daityena vṛtreṇa bhraṣṭaiśvaryeṇa ceṣṭitam ||

毗湿摩说道:“正为此事,噢国王,古时曾有一段旧事被歌咏传诵——请你一心聆听。它讲述那位阿修罗族的弗栗陀罗(Vṛtra),在失却王权与富贵之后,是如何行事的。”

अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
अर्थेmatter/topic
अर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पुराformerly/once
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
गीतम्sung/recited (said)
गीतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगीता (ppp of √गै/√गाय्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
शृणुष्वhear/listen
शृणुष्व:
Karma
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
एकमनाःsingle-minded
एकमनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकमनस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यथाas/how
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
दैत्येनby the Daitya (demon)
दैत्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वृत्रेणby Vṛtra
वृत्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भ्रष्टैश्वर्येणwith (his) lost sovereignty/prosperity
भ्रष्टैश्वर्येण:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रष्ट-ऐश्वर्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चेष्टितम्conduct/effort/behavior
चेष्टितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootचेष्टित (ppp of √चेष्ट्)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नर-ईश्वरO lord of men (king)
नर-ईश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
Vṛtra (Vṛtrāsura)
D
Daitya
N
nṛpa (the king addressee, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira by context)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma introduces an old exemplum to illustrate ethical steadiness: even when one is stripped of power and fortune, one should act with composure and disciplined purpose, not with despair or grasping.

Bhīṣma asks the king to listen attentively to an ancient recited account describing how Vṛtra, a Daitya, conducted himself after losing his sovereignty—setting up a moral illustration through Vṛtra’s response to defeat.