Shloka 19

Devanagari script

इदं कृतमिदं कार्यमिदमन्यत्‌ कृताकृतम्‌

Transliteration

idaṃ kṛtam idaṃ kāryam idam anyat kṛtākṛtam

Translation

毗湿摩说道：“此事已做；此事尚待去做；而彼事则处于既做又未做的境地。”

Word by Word

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कृतम्: done, accomplished
• कृतम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कार्यम्: to be done, duty, necessary act
• कार्यम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कार्य (प्रातिपदिक; कृ-धातोः भाव्य/कर्तव्य-अर्थे)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अन्यत्: another, something else
• अन्यत्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (सर्वनाम/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कृताकृतम्: done and not-done; accomplished/unaccomplished
• कृताकृतम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत + अकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

To evaluate one’s conduct with clarity: distinguish what has been completed, what duty still remains, and what is only partially resolved. Ethical life requires honest accounting of actions and unfinished responsibilities.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and right conduct. Here he frames a reflective assessment of actions—categorizing matters as done, yet-to-be-done, and ambiguously completed—typical of counsel on responsible governance and personal discipline.